大地震过后可能会出现哪些疫情
传染病防治专家、甘肃省疾病预防控制中心副主任李慧14日接受新华社记者采访时表示，地震后传染病容易流行的原因主要有以下几个方面：
一是地震往往导致
灾区的水电供应出现问题，特别是饮水问题比较突出。 因为得不到自来水供应，一些灾区群众往往选择平时不喝的类似井水、泉水甚至水库里的积水等饮用。这些未进行杀菌处理的水容易导致人的感染。
二是露天宿营。由于地震后往往伴随着大的天气变化，灾区群众在灾后心态往往也比较紧张，综合作用下，人的免疫能力相对比较差。
三是居住环境比较差。在一些灾区群众集中的避难场所，如果生活垃圾、粪便没有得到及时处理，容易污染水源；同时，也容易孳生苍蝇等，造成细菌传播。
四是人口密度突然加大，人员之间接触频繁，造成传染病迅速在人群之间传播。
五是可能带来的食物污染。灾区地震后往往没有充足的食物供应，一些灾区群众可能取食过期、被水泡过的食物等，这些食物往往已经变质或受到细菌污染；在避险地区如食物保管不当，也容易被苍蝇等污染；餐具消毒不及时，也可能带来污染。
六是积水可能带来蚊虫的孳生。
七是一些动物在地震中，尸体得不到及时处理，腐 bai后也容易带来污染。特别是现在温度相对较高，雨水又比较充分，需要高度关注。
卫生部称灾区未发生疫情 防疫实施一省包一县
卫生部昨日发布《抗震救灾卫生防疫工作方案》,方案从疫情监测、食品卫生、饮水卫生、环境卫生、病媒生物防制、消毒处理、化学中毒预防和处理、尸体处理、心理危机干预等9方面,指导抗震救灾卫生防疫工作。 卫生部党组书记高强说,卫生部决定对四川受灾严重县的防疫工作实施分省包干办法,一个省包一个县。
高强强调,当前要做好六个方面。第一,我们要做好灾区的饮用水和食品的卫生安全保障,防止出现食源性的疾病；第二,要在灾区实施一些有针对性的消毒、灭菌工作,防止出现由于一些病毒或细菌导致的传染病；第三,要有针对性地对灾区群众注射防疫疫苗,有效防止某些疾病的传播；第四,要会同有关部门尽快适当地处理好尸体,防止由于尸体腐烂而导致一些有害细菌的蔓延；第五,要加强疫情的监测,对已经出现的传染病要实行严格的隔离控制措施,防止传染病的蔓延；第六,从事防疫工作的人员也要注意好自身的饮食卫生和健康。
目前,先期14支卫生防疫队共计144人已于昨天到达灾区,与当地防疫人员一起有序、有力、有效地开展卫生防疫工作。目前,四川灾区没有发生传染病流行和其他突发公共卫生事件。
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